Antonio Tena-Junguito
“Bairoch revisited: tariff structure and growth in the late nineteenth century” European Review of Economic History, (2010), 14, pp 111-143
Abstract:
This article revisits Bairoch’s hypothesis that in the late nineteenth century tariffs were positively associated with growth, as recently confirmed by a new generation of quantitative studies (see O’Rourke 2000; Jacks 2006; Clemens and Williamson 2002, 2004). This article highlights the importance of the structure of protection in the relation between trade policy and its potential growth-promoting impact. Evidence is based on a new database on industrial tariffs for the 1870s. The results show that income, factor endowment and policy independence are important for explaining regional asymmetries between tariffs and growth. At a global level, increased protection, measured by total and average tariffs on manufactures, implied more unskilled inefficient protection and less growth, and this is especially true for the poor countries in the late nineteenth century. Protection was only positive for a ‘rich club’ if we include in this group new settler countries, which grew rapidly in the late nineteenth century and imposed high tariffs mainly for fiscal reasons.
Antonio Tena es Doctor en Economía por la Universidad de Alcalá de Henares y Profesor Titular de Historia e Instituciones Económicas en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Editor jefe de la Revista de historia Económica-Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History.
Más información en:
http://www.uc3m.es/portal/page/portal/dpto_historia_economica..
E-mail: antonio.tena uc3m.es
___________________________________________________________________________________
Vicente Pinilla (en colaboración con María-Isabel Ayuda)
“Taking advantage of globalization? Spain and the building of the international market in Mediterranean horticultural products, 1850–1935”, European Review of Economic History, (2010), 14, 2, pp. 239-274.
Abstracts: This article examines how globalization and industrialization offered the nations of the European periphery opportunities to develop exports in sectors where they enjoyed a comparative advantage. As a case in point, we consider Spanish exports of Mediterranean horticultural products (MHP). Two bi-equational export supply and demand models (an equilibrium and a disequilibrium model) are proposed, in which volumes and prices are determined simultaneously, to throw light on the main causes of Spain’s expanding exports of MHP. The results clearly reflect the primacy of rightward shifts in the supply and demand curves in explaining the growth of MHP trade by volume. Thus, both rising incomes in the more developed countries and technological change in agriculture specializing in these products were key to the growth of this trade. Meanwhile, Spanish exporters also benefited from the increasing integration of international markets, especially through declining transport costs and, to a lesser extent, trade liberalization.
Vicente Pinilla es Doctor en Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales y Catedrático de Historia e Instituciones Económicas en la Universidad de Zaragoza. Editor de la revista Ager. Revista de estudios sobre despoblación y desarrollo rural / Journal of Depopulation and Rural Development Studies (desde 2010).
Más información en:
www.unizar.es/departamentos/estructura_economica/persona...
E-mail: vpinillaunizar.es
|
